O desenho de competências para o enfermeiro: promovendo a integração do ensino da graduação em Enfermagem às necessidades do serviço com base no olhar dos supervisores de Enfermagem de Unidades Clínicas em um hospital público do Distrito Federal.

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: This research analyzes what competencies knowledge, skills and attitudes nursing graduates must have to work in a hospital environment, considering the view of nursing supervisors of a hospitalization service in a public hospital of the Federal District. The theoretical path goes through the conceptualization of competence, its main and additional elements and its relation to the work world. The conceptualization of the term work approaches Karl Marx s historical and dialectical materialism, also analyzing the praxis of nursing and its work process. Material and methods: The study was developed as an exploratory research, in the qualitative approach, using Marxism and Dialectics as theoretical references. Considering this theoretical-methodological trajectory, the data were worked in three stages: first, an exploratory phase, using techniques of documentary analysis; secondly, the field work, through semi-structured interview; and, lastly, the analysis and treatment of the empirical material and documents. Results: The following categories of analysis were adopted: areas of training in which the nurse is qualified to act; nursing practice areas after training; concept of competence; competencies that nurses must develop; concept of skill; skills that the nurse must develop; concept of knowledge; knowledge that the nurse must develop; concept of attitude and what attitudes the nurse must develop. Final considerations: The data analysis showed that the concept of competence was predominantly related to professional practice, related to a job, an assignment, knowledge and attitude, depending on the situation, which is the mobilizing and determining factor for an answer. This dissertation also presents some reflections on the need for a closer approximation of the academia, in an integrated way, in partnership with healthcare services, to discuss and integrate the teaching practices with the real needs of the hospitalization units and their healthcare professionals.