Acurácia da tomografia computadorizada de múltiplos detectores dual-source no diagnostico da doença arterial coronariana: revisão sistemática

Abstract

Dual source computed tomography (DSCT) is an imaging technology that enables the visualization of coronary artery stenosis in a non-invasive way. Earlier studies showed high accuracy compared to conventional coronary angiography. The aims of this study were to evaluate the evidence of this technology using a meta-analytic process and its accuracy in different subgroups such as patients with high heart rates, arrhythmia, increased calcium score and high body mass index. A search of the literature in MEDLINE and LILACS was performed and articles published between January 2000 and October 2009. Studies in English, Spanish and Portuguese that compared DSCT with conventional coronary angiography performed for all patients and included sufficient data for compilation of 2 X 2 tables were included. Three investigators independently extracted the characteristics of the studies and differences were settled by consensus. Twenty studies were included in the systematic review, using three units of analysis: patient, vessels and segment. Analysis of patients, vessels and segments yielded a sensitivity of 98% (95% CI, 96% to 99%), 94% (95% CI, 89% to 97%) and 93% (95% CI, 89% to 95%) and a specificity of 84% (95% CI, 76% to 89%), 92% (95% CI, 87% to 95%) and 96% (95% CI, 91% to 98%), respectively. We also analyzed the accuracy of DSCT in subgroups of patients with high heart rate and increased calcium score. The analyses of patients subgroups demonstrated that sensitivity and specificity remained high in patients with high heart rate 93% (CI 95%, 90% to 95%) and 98% (CI 95%, 95% to 99%), respectively. In patients with increased calcium score (> 400 Agatston units) the specificity declined significantly, falling to 79% (95%, 25% to 98%). The available evidence points to a high accuracy of DSCT for the detection of coronary artery stenosis. However, the population who might benefit from this technology - individuals with chest pain and intermediate risk of coronary artery disease, CAD have not generally been included in the retrieved studies since the studies were usually conducted in reference centers where patients usually have an indication for invasive coronary angiography, and consequently a high pretest probability of CAD