Saúde bucal de adolescentes em área com e sem cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família com Equipe de Saúde Bucal em Manaus-AM.

Abstract

This study aimed to verify whether oral health, through caries indexes, prevalence of toothache and self-perception scores, differed in areas with and without the Family Health Strategy with oral health care (ESFSB). An oral health survey was conducted on 1,205 adolescents in five urban schools in the city of Manaus, Brazil. The adolescents were divided into two groups: schools located in the eastern zone of the city, which had ESFSB coverage for at least eight years (n = 616) and schools located in the northern part of the city that do not have the ESFSB (n = 589). All parents and adolescents signed the consent form and the free and informed consent, respectively, and the study was approved by the Ethics Committee. Parents also completed a questionnaire on socioeconomic characteristics. The adolescents were examined in the schools by a single examiner previously trained and calibrated (kappa = 0.97). The mean, standard deviation, median, prevalence and confidence intervals were obtained. Data were analyzed in software R, and the following results were obtained: socioeconomic characteristics were balanced in both groups; the mean age was 12.3 years (SD = 1.1); 56% were girls, the mean number of people per household was 4.4 (SD = 0.8); 79% lived in an area with fluoridated water and half of the mothers had complete or incomplete elementary education. In both groups, 67% of the adolescents had dental caries and the mean number of decayed, missing or filled teeth was 2 (SD = 2). For the groups covered and not covered by the ESFSB, the prevalence of untreated dental caries, lost teeth and restored teeth was respectively 1,1 (DP=1,8), 0.5 (DP=1.0), 0.5 (1.1) and 1.1 (DP=1.3), 0.4 (0.9), 0.4 (DP=1.0). The prevalence of dental pain in the last three months was 35% (95% CI 31-39) for those living in areas with and 31% (CI95% 28-35) without ESFSB. The Child Perceptions Questionnaire score (CPQ11-14) ranged from 7.7 (SD = 4.9) and 7.4 (SD = 4.7) in those with and without ESFSB. It was concluded that there was no difference in dental caries levels, prevalence of toothache and self-perception of oral health in adolescents living in areas of the city of Manaus covered or not by the Family Health Strategy with and oral health team.