A língua portuguesa no vestibular: ensino, leitura e conhecimento prévio

Abstract

This dissertation aims the discursive exam analysis of Portuguese language in admission tests on a reading perspective focusing the text comprehension, its strategies and previous knowledge needed to High School graduation. The analysis is made out on UERJ, UNIRIO, UFF and UFRJ universities discursive exams in Portuguese language performed in admission tests of 2006, 2007 and 2008. We start from the following hypothesis: exams require previous knowledge based in programs, skills and competences to be developed at medium level; the difficulty presented when performing questions is not only related to the disciplinary knowledge of Portuguese language, but also to the reading capacity/strategy of the enunciated and to the selection and interaction difficulty of different specific knowledge related to its pragmatic use. Starting from these hypotheses, the following objectives are proposed: to raise specific knowledge related to Portuguese language teaching; to understand the reading process relationship in the activation of previous knowledge; to relate the evaluation process of the admission exam to the basic educational context; to look for explanations to questions with low average mark. In order to meet the objectives, Portuguese language teaching is put in the same context as high school; the reading approach in the sense of text comprehension focuses mainly previous knowledge and inferences; a brief history of the admission exam is made, its objectives and its role are followed by indicated exam analysis, raising previous knowledge, skills and competences involved in the text comprehension process. The main conclusions are: questions of analyzed exams are according to programs published by universities and with PCNs (National Curricular Parameters); the demand level is graduated according to varied competences and skills; the organized and schematized previous knowledge is fundamental when performing adequate inferences