O mundo, e suas máquinas: um estudo sobre propagação temática em A Máquina do Mundo , de Carlos Drummond de Andrade

Abstract

This study derives from philosophical, theoretical and analytical concerns to promote reading and interpretation exercises of the poem A Máquina do Mundo (1951), by Carlos Drummond de Andrade. By establishing the notion of ontology propagation through essay, it aims at locating the need of ontology in pre-paradigmatic fundamentals of science. Incorporating Phenomenological and Hermeneutical references, it attempts to assume its presuppositions and implications so as to constitute the method in Literature Theory and to define basic fields for analyzing the empirical and pragmatic existence: the fields representing the ontological instances of real, symbolical and imaginary. From the phenomenological and hermeneutical assumption, it moves on to considerations about categories belonging to literary jargon, chosen for their relation to this literary artifact and that correspond to the sphere of three ontological instances: Poetry is discussed as being a constituting phenomenon, Literature as an instituting expression and the Poem as a constituting expression of the literary sign A Máquina do Mundo . Next, affections and interferences of some sociological, formalist and anthropological currents are considered, aiming at participating in the dialogue about the possibility of accepting the literary practice as a practice with cognitive value, not only ideological and esthetic values. Thirdly, the study aims at applying ontological and epistemic presuppositions in order to set the limit of comparative spaces made possible to the Poem A Máquina do Mundo (The World s Machine). It also investigates the historical and historiographical background of the 20th century, starting from its possible relations with Drummond s work and according to the orientation of the vectors given in the poem: the consolidation of crepuscular vein in the canon topica of the Brazilian Nine-hundred; the implication of Drummond s ideological posture in the critical reception of his work; and, finally, the posterior location of the cosmological and existential topoi. In its final essay, it refers to the cosmological question and its affection about the existential posture of the Walker. Similarity and difference points between poetics found in Os Lusíadas, by Luís de Camões, and The Divine Comedy, by Dante Alighieri are recovered so that, in the end, it refers to identifying a thematic continuity between Drummond s poem and that which is usually addressed as originary thought in the western philosophical tradition. Then, references to some formal elements of the poem A Máquina do Mundo are sought, according to their origins in the Western Literature context. Typical features of the three beings represented are considered (The Machine, the World, the Walker) and, ending the thesis, a reading exercise focused specifically on the poem is performed