Associação entre insegurança alimentar e apoio social de crianças com doença falciforme

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The food insecurity (FI) is present when there is in the domicile at least the concern that the food finishes. The social support could exert a positive effect in this relation, due to the beneficial effect to have people with who we could count on difficult circumstances. However, this association is not very clear in the literature; some studies, but not all of them, point to an inverse relation between FI and social support. Beyond the use of different indicators, the diagnostic in specific groups also becomes necessary for the monitoring of the situation of FI. Therein, people with sickle cell disease (characterized by the presence of the hemoglobin S) can belong to the groups more vulnerable to suffer from FI. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between FI and the social support in the families of children with DF accompanied in a referral hospital in hematology in the State of Rio de Janeiro. METHOD: It is about a sectional study with a sample of children in the 5-9 age-group and 29 days in the date of the drawing. The sample consisted of 190 children with covering of 84.4% of the sample calculation (n=225). The Brazilian Scale of Food Insecurity was used for the measure of FI, which classifies the domiciles in food security (FS), light food insecurity (LFI), moderate food insecurity (MFI) and severe food insecurity (SFI). The social support was measured based on the Brazilian version of the scale of social support MOS. The sociodemographic and gravity covariates of the DF were used as possible factors of confusion. A multinomial logistic model was adopted to study this relation. The association for the three levels of FI was tested and the food security was used as the reference category. The social support was analyzed in two ways, for dimensions and the total punctuation of support. RESULTS: In the families of children with DF, an inverse relation between the levels of light and severe FI was found, with the dimensions of support of information (LFI OR=0.98; IC95%: 0.96-0.99 and SFI OR=0.95; IC95%: 0.92-0.98); social interaction (LFI OR=0.98; IC95%: 0.96-0.99 and SFI OR=0.96; IC95%: 0.93 - 0.99) and material dimension (LFI OR=0.97; IC95%: 0.96-0.99 and SFI OR=0.97; IC95%: 0.94-0.99). With the entry of all support dimensions and the total support in the analyses, it was verified that the results were borderline. CONCLUSION: Considering the found results of the positive effects of the social support in the FI, public politics of food and nutritional security (FNS) and of social care for attention to the people with DF must be encouraged