O financiamento à habitação para a população de baixa renda no Brasil : um olhar sobre o Rio de Janeiro e sua região metropolitana

Abstract

In the 1990s, an agenda of neoliberal structural economic reforms started to be implemented in Brazil, with the adoption of policies of economic liberalization and privatization of state enterprises. As a result of fiscal adjustment and economic policies, the country reached the year 2000 marked by intense social inequalities. There are few Brazilians who live in appropriate conditions, according to the basic elements listed by the UN Commission on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Thus, this study aims to analyze the recent policies of housing financing in Brazil and to what extent they include low-income population in order to reduce housing deficit. This work also seeks to assess whether the housing policies in Brazil, and especially in Rio de Janeiro, are adequate to the contemporary stage of urban development. For this purpose, a literature review was conducted on the fields of housing, housing financing and poverty. This work also demonstrates that social housing has constantly been left out from mechanisms of housing financing. It also attests to the potential of Minha Casa Minha Vida (My House My Life), a recently created programme by Lula s government, that aims to assist the low income population, which is the part of the society that is most affected by Brazilian housing deficit.