Efeitos da associação da ovariectomia com uma dieta hiperlipídica sobre alterações no metabolismo lipídico, remodelamento e redistribuição do tecido adiposo e sobre os marcadores inflamatórios em camundongas C57BL/6

Abstract

Menopause is associated with some metabolic disorders as dyslipidemia, obesity and inflammation among others abnormalities present in the human metabolic syndrome. High-fat diet (HFD) is associated with menopause enhanced menopause alterations, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. The hypothesis that a high-fat (HF) diet aggravates ovariectomy-related complications was tested. SHAM and ovariectomized (OVX) C57BL/6 mice fed standard chow (SC, 10% fat) or a HF diet (60% fat) for 18 weeks were studied. Feed efficiency (FE), body mass (BM), regional fat pad masses distribution and adipocyte morphometry were studied. Blood analyses (total cholesterol, TC, triglycerides, TG, cytokines and adipokines) were performed. OVX-HF mice had greater FE and BM than all other groups (P<0.05). Visceral fat (ovarian and retroperitoneal fat pads) and the subcutaneous fat (inguinal fat pad) varied with a parallel pattern of fat accumulation in SHAM-SC, SHAM-HF and OVX-SC, but OVX-HF had different pattern of fat accumulation much greater than in SHAM-SC. The association of ovariectomy with HF diet increased significantly the adipocyte diameter in OVX-HF in comparison with SHAM-HF mice (P<0.0001) and also aggravated the increment of TC, TG and leptin levels in OVX-HF mice in comparison to OVX-SC mice (P<0.0001). Adiponectin levels were higher in OVX-SC mice compared to both SHAM-SC and OVX-HF mice (P<0.001). The association of ovariectomy with HF diet aggravated the increase of serum leptin levels in OVX-HF mice in relation to OVX-SC mice (P<0.005). TNF-alpha was not different among the groups, but IL-6 was markedly higher in OVX-HF mice than in both SHAM-HF and OVX-SC mice (P<0.0001). In conclusion, high-fat diet intake worsens, in ovariectomized mice, the fat accumulation and redistribution as well as the cytokines and adipokines levels, and metabolic disorder, which increases risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.