Estudo do efeito do transplante de células mononucleares de medula óssea na bioenergética mitocondrial de ratos com fibrose hepática

Abstract

Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with several diseases, including liver cholestatis, which is characterized by activation of Kupffer cells and fibrogenic cells that produce excessive extracellular matrix. Toxic bile salt accumulation in liver parenchyma leads to chronic injury with mitochondrial damage, ATP synthesis reduction, ROS increase and apoptosis, resulting in liver function impairment. Our previous works showed the positive effect of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) transplantation on liver fibrosis resolution and hepatic function recover in cholestatic rats. This study aimed to analyze mitochondrial bioenergetics in rats with hepatic fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) after BMMNC transplantation. Wistar male rats were divided into four groups: normal animals, animals with cholestasis after 14 and 21 days BDL (F14d and F21d, respectively), and animals with cholestasis after 14 days of BDL that received 1x107 BMMNC, via jugular vein, and were euthanasia after 7 days. The livers were analyzed by high-resolution respirometry and western blotting. Our data demonstrated increased collagen type I content in livers of F21d group compared to normal group, indicative of fibrosis, and its decrease after BMMNC transplantation. Liver mitochondrial physiology analysis showed that F14d and F21d groups have significantly reduced maximum ADP-stimulated respiratory rates (State 3), indicating reduced carbohydrates and fatty acids oxidation capacity. In addition, respiratory control ratio (RCR), indicative of oxidative phosphorilation coupling to ATP production, was significantly decreased in F14d and F21d groups, suggesting mitochondrial uncoupling. However, BMMNC transplantation significantly increased both State 3 respiration and RCR to levels similar to those of normal group, recovering hepatic mitochondrial function. These results were confirmed by WB analysis, which showed that F21d group had a significantly increase in liver mitochondrial uncoupling protein content, UCP2, and reduced PGC-1α content, a mitochondrial biogenesis co-factor. However, after BMMNC transplantation both proteins returned to levels similar to normal group. In addition, F14d group had a significantly increase in 4-HNE content compared to normal group, indicative of oxidative stress, but after BMMNC transplantation 4-HNE content significantly reduced, compared to normal group, suggesting oxidative stress reduction. Therefore, BMMNC transplantation had a positive effect on hepatic mitochondrial bioenergetics of cholestatic rats, increasing oxidative capacity and reducing oxidative stress, which, in turn, contribute to liver function recover.