Treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (natação), obesidade e estresse oxidativo na menopausa cirúrgica em camundongos

Abstract

The absence of estrogens has a significant issue of obesity and comorbidities in postmenopausal women. High intensity interval training (HIIT, swimming) may have beneficial effects. Three-month-old female C57BL/6 mice were bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX group) or submitted to a surgical stress without ovariectomy (SHAM group) and separated into standard chow (SHAM-SC; OVX-SC) and high-fat diet (SHAM-HF; OVX-HF). After 13 weeks, HIIT began for 7 weeks into non-trained (NT) and trained (T) groups. The uterus mass showed a significant reduction of 270 % in the OVX group (P<0.0001).Before HIIT, ovariectomized groups showed greater body mass (BM) evolution than SHAM groups, and OVX-HF-NT showed greater BM evolution than the group OVX-SC-NT.HIIT changed the trend of the evolution of BM in animals. Almost instantly, all trained groups showed decreasing trend of BM compared to NT counterparts. Blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances raised in animals OVX and HF compared to theirs counterparts, and HIIT efficiently reduced all. In HF and OVX mice, muscular superoxide dismutase and catalase were low, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were high, and HIIT normalizes all. Diet-induced obesity maximizes the deleterious effects of ovariectomy. HIIT necessitates a few weekly sessions with small duration of each training session, which are significant arguments to motivate people to make training in the present days. HIIT has beneficial effects reducing BM, BP and oxidative stress. Therefore, we can accept that HIIT diminishes the increased risk cardiovascular and metabolic inherent to obesity and menopause.