Caracterização fitoquímica e avaliação da atividade antioxidante de materiais obtidos in vitro de Passiflora suberosa L.

Abstract

The genus Passiflora (family Passifloraceae) is composed of approximately 560 species popularly known as passion fruit, and has agronomic, ornamental and medicinal potential. Passiflora suberosa, the species studied in this work, presents resistance to diseases that damage to the passion fruit culture, which justifies its use in grafting, besides being used in folk medicine. The goal of this work was to characterize the phytochemical profile and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of plants and materials obtained in vitro of P. suberosa. Friable callus were induced from leaf segments cultured on MSM media supplemented with PIC at 28.9 μM in the presence or absence of light for 60 days. For the establishment of adventitious root cultures, root segments were excised from in vitro plants and were cultivated in the presence of different concentrations of the auxins NAA, IAA and IBA in culture flasks or Erlenmeyers for 60 days. An intense root multiplication was observed from explants cultivated in culture flasks in the presence of NAA, with the highest accumulation of biomass obtained in cultures being cultured in the presence of NAA at 2.7 μM. The phytochemical characterization of extracts from leaves and roots of in vitro plants, as well as from calluses maintained in the presence or absence of light, and adventitious roots obtained under different culture conditions was performed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Analyzes by TLC indicated the presence of possible flavonoids in the extract from leaves of in vitro plants, and of saponins in the extracts of all other materials analyzed. Analyzes by HPLC revealed the presence of substances with flavonoid compatible absorption spectra in the in vitro leaf extract. All root extracts analyzed showed a common signal at 254 nm, with retention time of approximately 38 minutes. The potential antioxidants of the different materials obtained in vitro were also investigated by DPPH and TLC-DPPH radical capture assays. The highest antioxidant activity observed in the analyzed samples was the extract of leaves of plants maintained in vitro. These results demonstrate, for the first time, the potential of different biotechnological systems of P. suberosa for the production of bioactive substances.