Cultura de tecidos, análise fitoquímica e avaliação da atividade biológica de Arachis villosulicarpa Hoehne

Abstract

The cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) has several substances with antioxidant capacity that have beneficial effects for human health. However, the production of these substances hasn t been observed in other species. The aim was the establishment of in vitro culture systems for Arachis villosulicarpa, aimed at developing alternatives to produce special metabolites. Nodal, internode and leaf segments were excised from in vitro plants and inoculated on MS medium supplemented with BA, NAA, 2,4-D or PIC. The explants showed different responses according to the plant growth regulator used. In the presence of PIC, we observed the formation of friable callus slightly oxidized in all explants. Moreover, when cultured in the presence of 2,4-D or BA, the explants showed the compact callus, forming buds at different rates. In the presence of ANA, node and internode segments showed no response, whereas leaf segments showed the formation of adventitious roots at all concentrations tested. This work was a comparative assessment of the production of special metabolites and biological activity in extracts of callus from leaves inoculated on BAP 8.8 μM and in vitro and ex vitro plants. In the analysis by HPTLC and HPLC was possible to demonstrate the difference in the production of certain substances and indicate the presence of flavonoids and polyphenols in the materials analyzed. Moreover, from the biological activities could be identified both antioxidant and not mutagenic activity of extracts. Thus, studies focusing on the detection of special metabolites in A. villosulicarpa can expand your knowledge about the possibilities of using Arachis species.