Morfo-anatomia foliar comparada de Coccocypselum lanceolatum (RUIZ & PAVON) PERSOON (RUBIACEAE) ocorrente em duas regiões distintas de Mata Atlântica

Abstract

The Atlantic Forest is one of the biomes with the highest level of biodiversity, most threatened and least known of the scientific world. In this biome, the Rubiaceae family stands out as the fourth most important in number of species and individuals. In order to increase knowledge about the biome and the family in question, this paper proposes the study Coccocypselum lanceolatum (Ruiz & Pavon) Persoon, a kind of herbaceous habit common in different vegetation types of Atlantic forest in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The work aims to compare the morpho-anatomical structure of the species growing in dense lowland rain forest in the island region dense rain forest and montane in the mainland. The study was conducted in two remnants of Atlantic Forest in the state of Rio de Janeiro: Ilha Grande, in the municipality of Angra dos Reis and Luiz Simoes Lopes Environmental Park, municipality of Nova Friburgo. Assessment was made of the following environmental parameters: rainfall, temperature, solar radiation and soil characteristics. For the anatomical study were selected 10 expanded leaves, from the 3rd or 4th us, which were fragmented in the levels of the petiole and mid-third. The parameters used for the comparison of materials from different sites consisted of the total thickness of the leaf blade, the thickness of the mesophyll (m), the thickness of the parenchyma (m), palisade and spongy, the thickness of the epidermis (mm) on the faces adaxiais and abaxiais, and the densities (mm2) of stomata and trichomes. The results show that the species has intraspecific variation related to different environmental parameters evaluated on the basis of origin. Thus, we found differences in the chemical and physical composition and consequently the pH of the soil, the presence of anthocyanins in different organs of flowers and fruits in the material of Nova Friburgo, morphological and anatomical differences related to differences in rainfall, soil composition and solar radiation.