Atividade física e força muscular ventilatória em idosos

Abstract

Introduction: dynapenia extends to the respiratory muscles, minimising the effectiveness of bronchial hygiene therapy. It is associated with postoperative respiratory complications and deaths resulting from thoracoabdominal surgical procedures in the elderly. Objectives: to verify the effect of physical activity on respiratory muscle strength in the elderly; to assess the intra- and inter-rater reliability of MIP and MEP; to identify the chronic effect of cardiorespiratory and ventilatory training on ventilatory muscle strength in elderly women. Materials and Methods: in three different studies: a meta-analysis registration CRD42013005151, at www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero and written from the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses; a reliability study drafted by the Guidelines for Reporting Reliability and Agreement Studies; a double blind randomized controlled experiment recorded in the Clinical Trials NCT01912482 and drawn from the recommendations of the CONSORT 2010 Statement. Results: the meta-analytic analyzes for MIP (WMD = -14.63 cmH2O and P = 0.000) and MEP (WMD = 14.30 cmH2O and P = 0.000) showed superiority of the physically active elderly over the sedentary ones; the reliability of intra-examiner and measurement inter-rater of MIP and MEP, in internal consistency and stability, presented intra-class correlation coefficients higher than 0.93 and significant (P = 0.0001); the Bonferroni Post Hoc test showed a significant difference in CTG in the retest 1 and 2 when compared to the initial test (MIP test = -96.9 ± 16.3 vs. retest 1 = -111,1 ± 13,9 and retest 2 = -115.3 ± 14.6 cmH2O; P = 0.000001 and P = 0.0000001 respectively) and (MEP test = 117.8 ± 10.2 vs. retest 1 = 135.8 ± 12.0 and retest 2 = 140.2 ± 10.9 cmH2O P = 0.000000 in both comparisons). Conclusion: exercise not prescribed for respiratory muscles, particularly cardiorespiratory physical activity can increase respiratory muscle strength. Furthermore, the physically active elderly has a significantly higher MIP and MEP compared with the sedentary elderly, but their results were not higher than predicted normal values; MIP and MEP have adequate intra-and inter-rater reliability for clinical practice and research purposes; the cardiorespiratory training proposed was able to significantly increase the MIP, MEP, aerobic resistance and the strength of lower limbs of the participants submitted to it, but not the heart rate variability