Programa Espacial Brasileiro: militares, cientistas e a questão da soberania nacional

Abstract

This thesis deals with the analysis of one of the major technological projects of the national State, the PEB, in order to check to what extent the Brasil as a developing country and inserted in the process of economic globalization, have the possibility of self-determine a national project for the development of sovereign and sustainable through its technological expertise in high-tech areas, such as space technologies. Meanwhile, is discussed the process of institutionalization of science in the country and the deployment of a modern system of C&T in Brazil through an alliance between scientists and military, culminating with the creation of the CNPq in 1951. We present a rereading of our recent political history and national development programs , formulated by the more representative social groups of society at the time studied, retrieving a discussion that, extending for decades, has reserved the scientific issue a privileged place in the planning of the State. The period of the military dictatorship is especially contemplated, considering this was the stage at which the Space Program Brazilian suffered greater investment, giving the military a leading role within the framework of social actors collective committed to the project of development of the Country, highlighting the various ideological currents in action within the Armed Forces. It was analyzed the process of globalization due to its link internal and external to the scientific policies implemented or envisaged in the Country. This process, leveraged by the new dynamic international technology started in the 1980s, established deep impacts and changes to the current constitution of the sphere of politics. This is the scenario where, from our point of view, is the issue of training scientific-technological and strategic variable in all levels of international relations. . The understanding of this issue should be seen as part of the world scene that is configured in the last decades of the 20th century, having the intertwining of scientific-technological dynamics and the national sovereignty of states in a differentiated synergy in reordering contemporary geopolitics.