Tradução, adaptação cultural e validação do Sleep Apnea Clinical Score para o português brasileiro como instrumento de predição da síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono

Abstract

Sleep Apnea Clinical Score (SACS) is used to assess the likelihood of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). This and other questionnaires help prioritize patients with more severe diseases for polysomnography, an exam used to study sleep disorders by monitoring various parameters evaluated while the patient is sleeping. However, this test is of high cost and low availability and it is necessary to perform screening through the questionnaires. The aim of this study is to translate this instrument into the Portuguese language spoken in Brazil, adapt it to our culture and validate it to be used as a screening method for polysomnography and as a tool to assess risk and severity of OSAS. The method used was reverse translation which determines the standardization of a set of instructions for the translation and cultural adaptation of instruments, including the following steps: translation by 2 professionals, synthesis in one instrument of the two translations, reverse translation, committee review and pre-testing. The consensus version by the committee was applied to 20 individuals. All questions were easily understood during the pretest and no modification was required. The Brazilian version of the SACS was applied to 46 patients who subsequently underwent polysomnography and finally the questionnaire score was compared to the exam result. The questionnaire showed 47% sensitivity, 92% specificity, 94% positive predictive value (95% CI 73 - 98%) and 38% negative predictive value (95% CI 23 - 56%) thus proving the specificity of the SACS to predict OSAS.