O grotesco na cena da dança contemporânea: corpo e comunicação

Abstract

This dissertation is dedicated to reflecting on the body and the grotesque in the contemporary art and communication. The aim of this study was to investigate the grotesque in contemporary dance scene in order to understand the relationship between the way of apprehension of the grotesque nowadays and how it is presented scenically. This way, we sought to investigate representations of contemporary culture that may be associated with manifestations of the grotesque phenomenon; how the media and mass consumption take part in the dissemination of this aesthetic; and how, in the dance, the scenic body approaches/reflects these representations present in everyday life. The grotesque phenomenon, object of this research, was investigated in two dance companies: Lia Rodrigues Companhia de Danças (RJ) and Grupo Cena11 de Dança (SC), where we observed the artistic treatment and equipment used for the construction effect on body-grotesque during the performances and the point of view of the artists using the grotesque aesthetic in their works. The theoretical grounds of this study invested in understanding the grotesque phenomenon in historical fields, aesthetic/artistic and social and its contextualization in contemporaneity. This started from the understanding that the body is primary media, "space" of communication and language, and the scenic dance is an urban phenomenon that mirrors the representational transformations from the beginning of the 21st century. The theoretical approaches of Mikhail Bakhtin on the grotesque realism; Wolfgang Kayser, on the romantic grotesque and the studies of Muniz Sodré and Raquel Paiva, on the grotesque in contemporary communication grounded the discussions. It was important to reflect on the changing of social paradigms that have been molding themselves nowadays, especially with the influence of technological development and media on corporeality and subjectivity processes. The fluid and polyphonic qualities associated with contemporaneity, guided the understanding of these new aesthetic paradigms of the body - assigned as contemporary mobile corporealities - and served to denominate/understand as "liquid grotesque" the multiple and volatile presence of the grotesque phenomena today.