Políticas públicas de segurança alimentar e biocombustíveis: a intersetorialidade como requisito para o desenvolvimento regional

Abstract

This thesis analyzes and confronts public policies on food and nutritional security FNS and also of biofuels from the perspective of the world food and energy crises currently experienced in a globalized market system. It shows that the crises are originate from the misuse as well as the unfair use of environmental resources. Food insecurity is a socio-environmental problem and of economic accessibility, due to the low income distribution which is consequence of a perverse market system where everything is disposable. Despite the specific legislation on food, the lack of agricultural sustainability appoints that there is still a long way to go to ensure Food Safety and the environment s preservation. This is because the state incentive is based at increasing commodities productivity through an agribusiness s characteristic which aims to profit through the exportation. Food production from a sustainable perspective and food sovereignty are not priorities in a Social Estate weakened before of the capital forces. On the other hand, energy crisis cannot be minimized. Thus, there were incentives for sustainable energy matrices, where biofuel is the most controversial option. The main controversy is about the danger of agricultural land s use for the production of oilseeds, which could affect the production of food and consequently the FNS, harm the environment, and makes poverty even deeper. Given this factual framework, the presence of a regulatory state is crucial to guide growth and to minimize social inequalities. In this sense, it is urgent to break the paradigm according to which income distribution is the result of economic growth. In fact, it s just the opposite; it is the disparity of income distribution that inhibits the growth. As far as public policies are concerned, intersectorality is a comprehensive, participatory social management model that presents itself as a fundamental requirement for regional development, which requires certain knowledge of local peculiarities for more specifics actions. In this perspective, the concept of intersectoriality intended to understand intersectoral policies as intersections of the sectors and the actors involved in the search for solutions, in an "articulation of knowledge and experiences for their confrontations". As an illustration, it is shown an overview of the current situation and the public policies developed in France on food security and biofuel, given that this country is an example of effectiveness in the implementation of the Social State, and also one of the world's largest oilseed producers, with biomass being chosen as one of the main instruments for the transition path to renewable sources