Segurança na Organização dos Estados Americanos (OEA): uma análise crítica dos discursos sobre segurança cidadã e direitos humanos

Abstract

The citizen security model is nowadays presented as a new security model, forged to combine security and the protection of human rights. The expression citizen security model dwells national security plans and documents of strategies on hemispheric security in a fairly consensual trend, presented as innovations in States behavior in dealing with "threats" in the public security field. By developing the concept and content actions as well as by legitimating and spreading the terminology and strategies associated to this new model, the OAS definitely stands as an important legal and political actor in the interamerican field. The citizen security model is the latest configuration to the security concept that has stared to be developed in in the OAS in the 80´s through the first documents regarding drugs and trafficking issues in the region. Therefore, this work is focused in understanding, specifically, in which bases this new security model really does offer new approaches and / or other conditions that represent an increase in the guarantee of human rights. For this, we have analyzed in a chronological order, the most relevant documents on security in the OAS, highlighting its major strategies and key-concepts, and pointing out how have they been adapted and improved (or not) over time. This analysis takes place based on concepts and categories of critical criminology, considering aspects of the criminal-political reality as well as socioeconomic issues and the reality of prison system, which are aspects that usually do not integrate the development of public security models, despite the direct relation of such aspects with a broader human rights discussion.