Terrorismo: as organizações terroristas e a Lei 12.850/2013

Abstract

This essay works on the criminalization of terrorism, specifically, terrorist groups in the law 12.850/2013. Actually, the author defines the contour of the criminalization, which brings a sui generis way of the criminal conduct. Before that, in the first chapter, the author does a brief historical about the term and the phenomenon, starting from the French Revolution until the Cold War and after the Cold War up to the 11th of September. In fact, the 11th September brings a new form of approach in an international level. The terrorism becomes the novel enemy of democracy and then, the USA starts the so-called war on terror with military incursion on Iraq and Afghanistan and, consequentially, some transgressions of Human Rights in the military bases on Guantanamo and Bagram. It s important to say, the terrorism is a peculiar phenomenon, and it s almost impossible to say all of forms of manifestation, that s why is very difficult to defines it. But, in general terms, the terrorism is a manifestation of a determinate group which uses the violence against people to inform something. Is a form of communication that is different of political crimes. The Brazilian Supreme Court, named Supremo Tribunal Federal, manifests this difference in 14 requests of extradition. The political crime can t involve violence or serious threat against people. To finish this work, the author does a brief approach of the forums that Brazil is part of.