A abstrata nudez do ser humano entre fronteiras

Abstract

The present research aims to understand if belonging to a State is necessary, even today, to guarantee the political existence of the subject. In this sense, the aspects that may have contributed to the rise and consolidation of the totalitarian Nazi regime in Europe in the twentieth century have been investigated, and if some of these elements remain, despite the end of the totalitarian regime in Germany. Also, starting from the experiences of the massacres carried out both during the invasions of Eastern Europe and in the concentration and extermination camps, we try to analyze the process of denuding the subject by mitigating its link with the State, a strategy identified as rupture and concomitant assumption of the system of national States in force at the time. Finally, the categories of political action and superfluous life, indicated by Hannah Arendt, are used in order to identify in this state dynamics the level of protection and lack of protection of the individual devoid of nationality and/or citizenship. On the basis of an eminently bibliographical investigation, what is observed is that, in spite of all the changes occurring in the state system, especially in the international context, permanence exists, considering that the destruction of the Nazi regime does not mean the failure of the system of national States. And since the totalitarian strategy consisted precisely in perishing those lives rendered unimportant by the state itself, it appears that the mechanism of exclusion of the bíos from the political organization still central in the twenty-first century leads to the weakening of zoé, and vice versa. In this way, it is fundamental to think of a political space of reference that reconciles life to politics, independently of the State. And then it will be possible to significantly rebuild international dynamics in relation to the situation of stateless persons and refugees.