Universidade do Ar: nas ondas do rádio se formam os professores secundaristas (1941 1944)

Abstract

The present study is aimed at analyzing the Radio waves University, a course of pedagogic training, for teachers of secondary education and transmitted by National Radio (1941 - 1944). The study seeks to understand the program focused on teacher training for secondary education. Beginning From the centrality assumed by education in the Estado Novo (1937-1945), the micro contexts - which structured secondary education and made the Radio wave University essential for secondary teaching - are problematized. Thus, in the midst of the liberal and catholic currents that disputed the hegemony of education in the country, the project was a fully part of the teacher training and, consequently, had a strong influence on the formation of young students from secondary school. This study is justified by the need to understand the Radio wave University and its pioneering in the teacher s training in the distance education modality. In order to do so, we analyze the composition of its teaching staff, its social structures, based on sociability networks (Sirinelli, 2003). The temporal cut includes the period in which the program was developed in the educational context of the Estado Novo. The methodological analysis of the research is based on Revel (1998 and 2010), which helps us to look straight on the object. We also pursuit to analyze the appropriations and representations, based on Chartier (1988), that the professors of the Radio wave University made the program, based on the surveys published in the newspaper A Noite, the week of its launch. From the macro regard of the historical and political contexts, we adjusted our lenses on the conception of university that was sought to implement in Brazil, in which the Radio wave University came as an instrument of formation, not only pedagogical, but also sewing between secondary education, forming the ruling elites, in the face of the conception of education spread by the Estado Novo. The sources have the letters exchanged between students and professors of the Radio wave University, National Radio documents related to the program, available in the collection of the National Archives; in addition to this, printed materials from the newspapers A Noite, Jornal do Brasil and Diário de Notícias, consulted at the digital Hemoreteca from Biblioteca Nacional.